Pollen - an interesting raw material
Each flower has its pollen, characteristic for that
particular plant. The size, weight, shape, number of hila (germinal openings),
ridges and hollows on the sheath makes it possible to differ pollen from
different plants. Sometimes researchers refer to pollen as the plants’
fingerprints. Within palynology (knowledge of pollen) (his character has created
the modern pollen analysis, where Swedish researchers such as Lennart von Porat
and Gunnar Erdtman are great names.
Palynologists can sift off the pollen grains from a sample of
soil by treating the soil with strong acids, at which everything is dissolved
except the pollen. the sheath of pollen grains is almost indestructible. Then
the pollen grains are examined, and the identity of the plant in question can be
established. In soil from an archaeological find it is thus possible to get a
picture of the nature at that very time when the find was buried in the soil. If
one knows what the vegetation was like in the past one can date the find rather
exactly.
A pollen grain is very small. Of the ordinary pollens used in
the production of Cernitin™ extracts, there is room for 100 in a row on one
millimeter. There are, however, much smaller pollen: those from
"Forget-me-not" are so small that there is room for 300 in a row on
one millimeter.
The palynologists have in detail described pollen grains from
a large number of plants, and this makes it possible for Cernelle to assort the
pollen grains and then control the conformity to type. The conformity is
received by treating the raw material in certain apparatus. Tests performed at
the Palynological Laboratory in Stockholm have shown that the conformity of the
Cernelle pollen raw material is so high, that the contents of foreign pollen
grains in true-to-type material never exceed 1 %. As a rule one can find a total
conformity. If foreign particles are present they only amount to some promille
consisting of a few foreign pollen grains and perhaps also some grains of dust.
This conformity is necessary, as pollen is the raw material
for a pharmaceutical product. Cernitin™ which must be controlled as to its
effect and also possible side-effects. Bearing in mind the well-known fact that
pollen as raw material contains substances that can give rise to side-effects of
different kinds, such as allergies, one must test the pollen as raw material and
compare their side-effects with those of the Cernitin™ extracted from pollen,
in order to be sure that the Cernitin™ extracted from the pollen in question
is harmless and can be used regularly and for a very long time without risk.
This is very important and the absolutely first step to be taken in the
production of products for human use.
In this connection we would like to point out the danger of
using pollen raw material for human consumption. Pollen raw material has to be
refined before use exactly as the sugar beet is refined to sugar. (The
sugar-beet. however. is probably much more harmless to eat than pollen.)
The reason for mentioning these facts is that material
containing pollen has of old been collected by apiarists to be given to weak bee
colonies in the spring and thereby saving them from destruction. Such bee-feed
has often been sold among beekeepers at a fixed market price, after having been
collected as follows:
A grating is placed on the beehive entrance; when the bees
pass it the collected lumps of pollen and plant fibers are scraped off and fall
down in a box covered with a net so that the bees cannot take it back. When the
box is filled, the apiarist empties it. The bee-collected pollen lumps contain
rather a high percentage of moist and make an excellent foundation for the
growing of all kinds of bacteria and fungi, promoted by the warm summer air.
Different insects search the pollen traps to lay their eggs there. The apiarists
themselves grade the quality of their product by the content of worms. I.e. the
amount of larvae found per 100g lump of the material, which evidently is not
suitable for consumption by human beings. In spite of this fact unscrupulous
businessmen buy this raw material, press it to tablets and sell this bee-feed
for human consumption, of course with a very good profit.
The health authorities should demand control and analysis of
such material and block the marketing thereof definitely.
Cernitin™ - a microbiological digest
By extraction from the pollen raw material by a special
method a certain substance, Cernitin™ is won. Hereby only type-pure pollen is
used, taken from selected plants, chosen after animal experiments and other
tests of suitability. Before the extraction it is stabilized and purified
through a special treatment.
The extraction of the pollen grains presents certain
problems. Each grain is a biological unit with a complete set of different
substances necessary for the creation of new life. These substances are well
protected by the sheath, which is very resistant and can stay unchanged for
thousands of years even if the grain has fallen unprotected on the ground.
However, the sheath is provided with hila (germinal openings), covered by a
membrane, which can be dissolved.
The special extraction method used by Cernelle can shortly be
described as follows. After having removed the membrane with a solvent the
contents of the grains are flushed out through the hila. The solvent is then
removed. This operation is made so carefully that the extract is never heated to
more than 40ºC, the extract is called Cernitin™. The Cernitin™ is then
microbiologically digested in a process during which certain microbes ferment
the extract under control. Through this treatment such substances that are toxic
or harmful, e.g. allergens and other high-molecular substances, are broken down.
Therefore, as a rule, Cernitin™ products can be used also by people otherwise
allergic or hypersensitive to pollen.
This breaking down can easily be controlled with a gel
precipitation test according to Ouchterlony, in which the Cernitin™ extract is
controlled against blood from rabbits treated with the pollen in question.
During the fermentation high-molecular substances, that are difficult to absorb
and often irritating, are reduced to low-molecular substances: e.g. protein is
reduced to pep-tides and amino acids. These low-molecular substances are
harmless and can quickly be absorbed into the blood so that the body can benefit
by them immediately. This is the reason for the quick effect of the Cernitin™
preparations and also an explanation of the fact that to attain a good effect
relatively small quantities are needed.
Almost nothing gets lost: all of the Cernitin™ is active,
therein different from usual foodstuff or synthetic substances of a more
complicated composition. In those cases the body can sometimes have difficulties
in utilizing substances as e. g. calcium and vitamin preparations, even if large
quantities are supplied.
Some of the conditions determinative for the body's ability
to utilize different substances are known. Thus, already more than 100 years
ago, Justus von Liebig could phrase his classic "Minimum Law" in which
he pronounced that sometimes a substance fed in too small quantities can be
determining for how all the nourishment intake is absorbed. Thus it is possible
to increase the body's ability to utilize supplied nourishment by providing the
body with sufficient nutrient substances of different kinds. This can, however,
many times be difficult, as we are creatures of habit and prefer to eat what we
like, even if we thereby perhaps miss some substances that our body would really
need.
By a daily supply of Cernitin™ extract the body will be
guaranteed all the substances necessary for life and can fully utilize vitamins
and other important substances present in the daily food. In this way Cernitin™
normalizes the functions of the body and increases health and resistance against
diseases.
Control of Cernelle products
The pollen raw material is collected by Cernelle itself, in a
way guaranteeing type-pure pollen of low moisture. The pollen is stored in
constant temperature and under controlled air humidity conditions.
The control starts immediately after the collection. The
conformity to type of the raw material is established, and for security samples
are also sent for control to the Palynological Laboratory in Stockholm.
The raw material is extracted under constant control, and the
following fermentation of the extract controlled by gel precipitation test as
well as spectrophotometric and chromatographic analyses. The extracted Cernitin™
is split into fractions with different qualities e.g. "Cernitin™ T60™
sicc." "Cernitin™ GBX™1".
At the Cernelle control laboratory the Cernitin™ fractions
are distinguished from each other by special analysis methods, which are also
performed on the finished extracts. All finished products are also controlled.
Samples are taken daily from each batch of preparations and the contents of
active substances established. The Cernitin™ extracts also undergo toxicity
control.
At last, also dissolving capacity of the tablet preparations
and their resistibility against different air humidity and temperature during
storage are controlled. Tablets with Cernitin™ extracts shall, as a rule, keep
their active properties unchanged during almost unlimited storage time when kept
in a dry and cool place. Tablets with vitamins added have a storage time of only
ca. 2 year, as the activity of the vitamins will be reduced when stored for a
longer period.
All constituents contained in the Cernelle preparations are
also controlled at the arrival to correspond to the regulations of the
pharmacopoeia.
INVIGORATING EFFECTS OF POLLEN PREPARATIONS
Pharmacological trials can ascertain an invigorating
effect
The progresses within the pharmacological science have made
objective trials possible. With the aid of test animals one can measure an
invigorating effect.
Clever test animals prefer nutritious food
Trials have shown that some species of test animals select
the most suitable nourishment. i.e. the type of food through which they achieve
maximum vitality. In long-term self-selection trials it was found that the
animals certainly chose the food which compensates deficiencies.
Cernitin™ pollen extracts in animal tests
Cernitin™ pollen extracts from the drug company Cernelle in
Vegeholm, Sweden, have been tested at a government institute in Norway. The test
animals could choose freely between different types of feeds. The food
consumption was carefully registered in order to get a clear picture of which
type of feed the animals preferred. During the tests the animals had access to a
scientifically composed feed containing all substances necessary for life. As an
alternative the animals were also given the above-mentioned feed with Cernitin™
extract added. Thereby it was noted that the test animals preferred the feed
with the Cernitin™ extract to any other type of feed.
Only vitamins give no corresponding effect
It is worth pointing out that no similar results can be
obtained when vitamins instead of Cernitin™ are added to the feed in such an
experiment: the animals do not prefer the vitaminized feed to that without
vitamins. When vitamin-enriched feed is given simultaneously with feed defective
of vitamins, the animals prefer the vitaminized feed.
As is seen from this trial, the Cernitin™ extracts contain
invigorating substances superior to those of known vitamins.
The doctors responsible for the trial found this fact so
remarkable that they wanted to investigate if the invigorating effect might be
related to that of certain central stimulating drugs (narcotics). In these
trials rats were placed in cages which were attached to revolving drums. (Rats,
as is known, very much like to exercise in such cages).
The cages had equipment to measure the time during which the
rats used the revolving drums, and also the revolutions. This gave a clear idea
of the spontaneous motoricity of the rats. The animals were divided into two
different groups, one receiving feed without Cernitin™ and the other one feed
with Cernitin™.
The trial shows that Cernitin™ is harmless
The trial showed no difference between the two groups. It
could thus be established that the fatigue barrier had not been put out of
function; the Cernitin™ has no deleterious effect.
Cernitin™ preparations suitable in strain
The invigorating effect is most obvious in connection with
hard work and other kinds of strain, such as convalescence, exhaustion, colds
etc. This confirms the experiences widely made ex juvantibus in connection with
the use of Cernitin™ preparations.
The tests give valuable consumer information
Very few drugs and foodstuffs marketed and declared as
invigorating have really been objectively tested as to such effect. The Cernelle
preparations are originally and permanently tested as to effect, toxicity etc.
securing the public quality products without harmful side effects.